Mohammad Yaser Mofatteh

• Energy management and sustainability have become critical global priorities in response to growing environmental concerns and the need to optimize resource consumption. As industries expand and technological advancements continue to shape modern societies, energy demands are rapidly rising. This leads to escalating levels of carbon emissions and resource depletion, negatively impacting the environment and the economy. The thesis proposes an innovative approach to addressing energy management and sustainability complexities. The research focuses on developing a framework for smart energy systems that can autonomously improve their performance through knowledge sharing and semantic interoperability. The core idea behind this thesis is to enable smart energy systems to self-develop their knowledge models through decentralized technologies, particularly blockchain while ensuring peer-to-peer semantic interaction and collaboration across different environments and supply chains. A key innovation of this thesis is the use of blockchain technology as the underlying platform for achieving semantic interoperability and knowledge exchange among smart systems. By leveraging blockchain’s decentralized nature, a peer-to-peer semantic interaction framework is established. The research introduces a smart contract mechanism and a token-based economic model to incentivize stakeholders within the blockchain network, ensuring that participants align with the sustainability goals of the network. The thesis presents a novel approach to storing and exchanging knowledge models on the blockchain using the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). This enables real-time updates to smart systems' knowledge models, allowing them to adapt and respond dynamically to changing environmental conditions and data inputs. Through the proposed blockchain ecosystem, the research provides a comprehensive solution for enhancing the interoperability, autonomy, and sustainability of smart energy systems.